UNIT 1 ORGANISMS AND SURROUNDING ജീവികളും ചുറ്റുപാടും

 

 What are the harmful effects vanishing of hills ?

കുന്നുകൾ ഇല്ലാതാകുന്നതുകൊണ്ട് എന്തെല്ലാം ദോഷങ്ങളുണ്ട് ?

  • The organisms on the hill lose their home 
  • Plants perish
  • Streams dry
  • Water scarcity occurs
  • Natural calamities occur.


What are the human activities that are harmful to the ecosystem? 

  • Demolition of hill
  • Excessive use of pesticides
  • Deforestation
  • Field filling
  • Disposal of plastic waste
  • Destruction of the hill
  • Sandmining

  

What are the waste materials found in your home and 

surroundings? 

നിങ്ങളുടെ വീട്ടിലും പരിസരപ്രദേശങ്ങളിലും കാണുന്ന മാലിന്യങ്ങൾ എന്തെല്ലാം ?

  • Vegetable waste
  • plastic cover
  • Footwear
  • Plastic bottles
  • Used clothes
  • Paper
  • Toothpaste tube
  • Damaged CFL 
  • Fruit peel

 

Discuss and write about those activities which pollute 

the soil. 

  • Excessive use of pesticides in farms
  • Excessive use of chemical fertilisers
  • Spillage of chemical substance
  • Unscientific agricultural practices

How dose soil pollution affect the ecosystem? 

  • Soil pollution destroys the natural structure and fertility of the soil 
  • Soil pollution is harmful to useful creatures like earthworms.

  What are the other factors which get polluted like this in 

our surroundings?

  •  Air
  • Water

 Observe  the pictures and find out the situations of air 

pollution. 

ചിത്രങ്ങൾ നിരീക്ഷിച്ച് വായുമലിനീകരണ സന്ദര്‍ഭങ്ങൾ എന്തെല്ലാമെന്ന് കണ്ടെത്തൂ.

  •  Burning of waste including plastics
  • Burning of fossil fuels
  • Smoke emitted from vehicles
  • Wildfires 
  • Mining
  • Burning firewood
  • Use of fireworks
  • Smoke from industries 
  • Construction activities 
  • Volcanic eruption

Discuss and write down the harmful effects of air 

pollution 

  • Air pollution can have harmful effects on our health
  • Every year , about 7 million people die in the world due to various diseases caused by air pollution 
  • Air pollution can have a harmful effect not only on humans but also on plants and animals 
  • Harmful effects of air pollution are declining crop yields acid rain , global warming , ozone depletion etc. 

In which circumstances does water get polluted ?

ജലം മലിനമാകുന്ന സാഹചര്യങ്ങൾ എന്തെല്ലാമാണ് ? 

  • Plastic waste reaching water bodies
  • Spillage of chemical substances
  • Water from sewage 
  • Throwing organic wastes into water sources.
  • Washing vehicles and bathing cattle in the river
  • Dumping waste from factories
  • Spraying pesticides in agricultural  fields 

How does water pollution affect living things and 

humans ? 

  • Drinking water get polluted
  • Decrease in the level of oxygen in water
  • Causes various waterborne diseases like  cholera, typhoid and jaundice
  • Destroyed ecosystems
  • Chemicals that flow into water also pollute the soil

 Which all natural disasters do you know ? Find and write 

them down.

  • Landslide
  • Earthquake
  • Forrest fire
  • Flood
  • Storm
  • Tsunami
  • Volcanic eruption

What precautions should be taken if a flood warning is 

received ?

  •  People residing along river banks should move to higher ground as fast as they can.
  • Do not step into rivers in torrential rain.
  • Disconnect the electricity if water enters your home.  

 How do the harmful activities of man affect an 

ecosystem?

  • Deforestation
  • Field filling
  • Disposal of plastic waste
  • Destruction of the hill
  • Sandmining
  • Excessive use of pesticides 

What are the activities that we can do to protect our 

environment ?

  • Make a medicinal plant garden 
  • Gardening
  • Biodiversity park
  • Conservation of water
  • Cleaning  environment
  • Creating environmental awareness
  • Reduce the use of plastic materials
  • Making posters and leaflets
  • The use of paper bags and ink pens
  • Creating awareness by preparing posters and leaflets
  • Afforestation

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