? What are the spherical bodies seen in the sky
- Sun
- Moon
- Stars
? What is the shape of the Earth in which we live ?
The Earth has a unique spherical shape. This shape of the Earth is known as Geoid.
? How does the Earth move ?
Earth moves in its own axis and also move around the Sun.
? Does the Moon move like the Earth ?
Yes, move around the Earth.
? How do day and night occur ?
Day and night on Earth is the result of its rotation. The part of the Earth facing the Sun due to rotation gets illuminated and experiences day. As the opposite face does not get sunlight, the night is experienced there.
? Rotation
- The movement of the Earth in its Own axis is called Rotation.
- The time required for one rotation of the Earth is estimated as one day ( 24 hours )
? Revolution
- The movement of the Earth around the sun in a fixed path is known as Revolution.
- Earth requires one year ( 365 1/4 day) to complete a revolution.
? Observe the picture
Solar system
? What do you see in the picture ?
- Sun and celestial bodies such as planets.
- Sun is the centre of the solar system.
- The eight planets, including Earth, Move around the Sun.
- Each planet follows its own path or orbit.
? Which are the celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun ?
The celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun in definite paths are known as planets.
? What are the peculiarities in their path ?
Circular path
? How many planets that move around the Sun ?
8 planets
? Which planet is the farthest from the Sun ?
Mercury
? Which planet is the farthest from the Sun ?
Neptune
? List out name of the planets on the basis of their distance from the sun.
- Mercury
- Venus
- Earth
- Mars
- Jupiter
- Saturn
- Uranus
- Neptune
? List out name of the planets on the basis of their size
- Jupiter
- Saturn
- Neptune
- Uranus
- Earth
- Venus
- Mars
- Mercury
? Which celestial body revolves around the Earth ?
Moon
? Satellites
The celestial bodies that revolve around the planets are known as Satellites. Moon is the satellite of the Earth.
? Solar system (സൗരയൂഥം)
Solar system is the system which consists of the Sun, the planets which revolve around the Sun, satellites of these planets as well as many other celestial bodies.
? Do you see the Moon in the sky?
Does it have the same shape every day in the sky ? What could be the reason ? Let's do an experiment.
Materials required :
A square cardboard box , ball / lemon , torch / mirror and thread.
Procedure :
Take a square cardboard box. Make three holes each having 3 cm size at the centre of all the four sides of the box. Hang a ball or lemon of about 3 cm size in the centre of the box, using a thread. Through any one of the holes in the box, light up the ball / lemon , using a torch / mirror. Observe through each hole how much of the ball the light falls on.
Draw your observations.
- Through which hole can you see the Moon completely ?
12th hole
- Through which hole can't you see the Moon at all ?
1st hole
? The Earth is a planet. The Moon is a satellite. What is the difference between them ?
The Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun in definite paths. But the satellites revolve around the planets. The Moon is a satellite that revolves around the Earth.
? Full Moon day (പൗർണ്ണമി / വെളുത്തവാവ് )
The Full Moon is the day in which the entire illuminated part of the Moon is visible from the Earth.
? Let's examine the position of the Sun , the Earth and the Moon on a Full Moon day.
Observe the picture.
When the Earth is in between the Sun and the Moon , the illuminated part of the Moon is facing the Earth.
? New Moon Day (അമാവാസി / കറുത്തവാവ് )
The day in which the Moon is not at all visible to us is called New Moon Day.
? Let's examine the position of the Sun , the Earth and the Moon on a New Moon day.
Observe the picture.
When the Moon is in between the Sun and the Earth, the non - illuminated part of the Moon facing the earth appears dark.
? Observe the pictures.
Collect more information based on these pictures and discuss it in class.
Picture 1 : Neil Armstrong
Picture 2 : Surface of the Moon
Picture 3: Lunar module ( Apollo 11 )
Picture 4: Chandrayaan 3
? Who were the first astronauts to land on the moon ?
Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin
? In which vehicle did man first land on the Moon
Apollo 11
? Who was the pilot of the spacecraft Apollo 11 ?
Michael Colins
? When did the first human land on the moon ?
July 21, 1969
? Which space agency brought the first human to the Moon?
NASA
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